I-Neutral grounding resistors (NGRs) idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zombane, ngokukodwa ekwandiseni ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka ngexesha leemeko eziphosakeleyo. Ngokunciphisa imisinga yempazamo, la macandelo akhusela izixhobo kunye nabasebenzi kwiingozi ezinokubakho ezinxulumene neziphene zombane. Eli nqaku liphonononga ukusebenza, izibonelelo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kokumelana nokungathathi hlangothi, ukugqamisa ukubaluleka kwabo ekugcineni ukhuseleko lombane.
Yintoni naNgokungathathi hlangothi Grounding Resistor?
I-resistor yokumisa engathathi hlangothi isixhobo sombane esixhunyiwe phakathi kwendawo engathathi hlangothi ye-transformer okanye i-generator kunye nomhlaba. Injongo yayo ephambili kukukhawulela okwangoku ojikelezayo kumgca ongathathi hlangothi ngexesha lemeko yempazamo yomhlaba. Ngokuzisa ukuchasana kwindlela yokumisa, ii-NGRs ziqinisekisa ukuba i-fault currents igcinwa kumanqanaba alawulekayo, ngaloo ndlela ikhusela umonakalo kwizixhobo kunye nokunciphisa ingozi yokhuseleko.
Isixhasi sokumisa esingathathi hlangothi
Isebenza Njani i-Neutral Grounding Resistor?
Ukusebenza kwe-NGR kusekelwe kuMthetho we-Ohm, othi okwangoku (I) ulingana nombane (V) owahlulwe ngokuchasa (R) (I=VRI=RV). Ngaphantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zokusebenza, akukho ukuhamba kwangoku kwi-NGR njengoko kungekho mahluko anokuthi abekhona phakathi kwendawo engathathi hlangothi kunye nomhlaba. Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha lesiphoso somhlaba-xa uxhulumaniso olungalindelekanga lwenzeka phakathi kwenkqubo yombane kunye nomhlaba-umahluko onokuthi udalwe, ukuvumela ukuhamba kwangoku.Kulo mzekelo, i-NGR ibeka umda wephutha ngokunika ukuchasana okulawulwayo. Esi senzo sinciphisa ubukhulu bangoku ojikelezayo kwisistim, sithintele ukuba sifikelele kumanqanaba anobungozi anokubangela umonakalo wesixhobo okanye ukubeka iingozi zokhuseleko ezifana nokutshitshiswa kombane okanye imililo. I-NGR ichitha amandla ngexesha lesiganeko esiphosakeleyo ngelixa iqinisekisa ukuba ubushushu buhlala ngaphakathi kwemida ekhuselekileyo.
Iinzuzo zeNeutral Grounding Resistors
1.Ukhuseleko lweZixhobo: Ngokunciphisa imisinga yempazamo, ii-NGR zinceda ukukhusela abaguquli, iijeneretha, kunye nezinye izixhobo zombane ezibalulekileyo kumonakalo ngexesha leempazamo zomhlaba. Olu khuselo lunokunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zokulungisa kunye nexesha lokuphumla.
2.Ukhuseleko olomeleziweyo: Ii-NGRs zinciphisa umngcipheko weziganeko ze-arc flash kunye neengozi zokutshatyalaliswa kombane ngokulawula imisinga yempazamo. Olu phawu lubaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo zoshishino apho ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi lubaluleke kakhulu.
3.Uzinziso lweSigaba sombane: Ngexesha leemeko zempazamo, ii-NGR zinceda ukuzinzisa umbane wesigaba ngaphakathi kwenkqubo. Oku kuzinziswa kuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo eziqhagamshelweyo zisebenza ngokuthembekileyo ngaphandle kokufumana ukuguquguquka kwamandla ombane okunokubangela ukusilela.
4.Ukuququzelelwa koFundo lweempazamo: Ngokunciphisa i-fault currents kumanqanaba akhuselekileyo, ii-NGRs zenza ukuba ii-relay zokukhusela kunye nezixhobo zokubeka iliso zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo. Esi sixhobo sinceda ekufumaneni ngokukhawuleza nasekubekeni iziphene, ukunciphisa ixesha lokuphumla kwenkqubo.
5.Ukuqhubekeka kokuSebenza: Kwezinye iimeko, ii-NGRs zivumela ukuqhubeka nokusebenza okwethutyana ngexesha lempazamo yomgca omnye ukuya kumhlaba. Olu phawu lubalulekile ekugcineni ukuqhubekeka kwenkonzo kwizicelo ezibalulekileyo ezifana namaziko edatha kunye nezibonelelo zempilo.
Usetyenziso lwe-Neutral Grounding Resistors
Izichasi zokumisa ngokungathathi hlangothi ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zombane, kubandakanya:
1.IiNkqubo zoSasazo lweVoltge ephantsi: Ifunyenwe kwizityalo zoshishino kunye nezakhiwo zorhwebo, ii-NGRs ziyimfuneko ekukhuseleni amanethiwekhi aphantsi kwe-voltage kwiimpazamo zomhlaba.
2.Iinkqubo zokusasazwa kombane ophakathi: Kusetyenziso lwe-voltage ephakathi (1 kV ukuya kwi-36 kV), ii-NGRs zinciphisa imisinga yempazamo kwaye ziphucule uzinzo lwenkqubo.
3.Ijenereyitha engathathi hlangothi: Iijenereyitha eziqhagamshelwe kwiinkqubo ezizimeleyo zisebenzisa ii-NGRs ukuthintela imisinga yeempazamo ezigqithisileyo ngexesha leempazamo zomhlaba.
4.I-Transformer Neutral Grounding:Iinguqu kubume be-wye esisiseko zixhamla kwii-NGRs ukukhusela imisinga eyonakalisayo.
5.IiNkqubo zaMandla aVuselelwayo:Ukusetyenziswa ngokunyukayo kwizityalo zamandla elanga kunye neefama zomoya, ii-NGRs zibonelela ngokusisiseko kunye nokukhuselwa kwempazamo kwizicelo zamandla avuselelekayo.
Ukuqukumbela
Izixhasi zokumisa ezingathathi hlangothizizinto ezibalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zombane zanamhlanje, zibonelela ngokhuseleko olubalulekileyo kwiimpazamo zomhlaba ngelixa uphucula ukhuseleko jikelele kunye nokuthembeka. Ngokunciphisa imisinga yokusilela kunye nokuzinzisa amandla ombane, ii-NGR zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni izixhobo kunye nabasebenzi kuwo onke amashishini ahlukeneyo. Njengoko iinkqubo zombane ziqhubeka nokuguquka, ukuqonda kunye nokuphumeza izichasi ezingathathi hlangothi ziya kuhlala zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ingqibelelo yokusebenza kunye nokhuseleko kuthungelwano lokuhambisa amandla.
